Antibacterial activity of actinomycetes isolated from. The soil sample used was dark brown and sandy, with no vegetation covering bare. Research article isolation and characterization of actinomycetes from the soil of devathanam a. They are of great economic importance to humans because agriculture and forests depend on their contributions to soil systems. Actinomycetes are the most economically and biotechnologically valuable prokaryotes able to produce wide range of bioactive secondary metabolites, such as antibiotics, antitumor agents, immunosuppressive agents and enzymes.
Dharmadhikari department of microbiology, government institute of science, aurangabad, maharastra, india corresponding author abstract introduction marine environment are opening an unexpected new horizon for finding novel. According to veerapagu et al, 20 the lipase production was maximum at ph 7. A total of 288 marine samples were collected from different locations of the bay of bengal starting from pulicat lake to kanyakumari, and 208 isolates of marine actinomycetes were isolated using. Analysis of the geographical origins of compounds, extracts, bioactivities, and actinobacteria up to 2003 indicates that 67% of marine natural products were sourced from australia, the caribbean, the indian ocean, japan, the mediterranean, and. They are involved in the turnover of organic matter in nature, give rise to the characteristic odor of soil, may play a role as diseasecausing agents and attract commercial interest as producers of antibiotics and other important secondary. Scn is a highly sensitive and specific medium for the growth of actinomycetes. Isolation, antifungal activity and characterization of. A set of 600 actinomycetes strains which were isolated from marine sediments from various sites in the pacific and atlantic oceans were screened for the production of bioactive secondary metabolites. University, nehru nagar, belgaum, karnataka, 2 kless college. Marine rare actinomycetes represent a rather untapped source of chemically diverse secondary metabolites and novel bioactive compounds. The isolate produced alkaline amylase with maximum amylolytic activity at ph 9. In this article we will discuss about the features of actinomycetes with its suitable diagram.
Actinomycetes show an overwhelming morphological diversity and a bewildering metabolic versatility. Actinomycetes cultivation was carried out on an agar medium starchcasein nitrate scn supplemented with antifungal nystatin to inhibit mold growth. In the study of nithya et al 5, 4 morphologically distinguished culturable actinobac. Journal of applied pharmaceutical science 3 8 suppl 1.
Taxonomy and polyphasic characterization of alkaline. Actinomycetes, antibacterial activity, isolates, resistance and secondary metabolites, pathogens received 30 oct 20 received in revised form 22 nov 20 accepted 25 nov 20 address for correspondence. Actinomycetes journals actinomycetes are a group of physiologically versatile, high gc, grampositive, filamentous bacteria found in most environments including terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Matee department of microbiology and immunology school of medicine muchs tuesday, november 8, 2005. Actinomycetes clinical significance are part of the nf found in the cavities of humans and other animals. Marine actinomycetes as a source of novel secondary. The main focus of this study was to isolate some antibiotic producing actinomycetes strains from soil. Actinomycetes are one of the most efficient groups of secondary metabolite producers and are very important from an industrial point of view. Source, identification, and their applications mukesh sharma, pinki dangi and meenakshi choudhary department of biotechnology, jaipur institute of biotechnology, maharaj vinayak global university, jaipur rajasthan india corresponding author a b s t r a c t production of primary and secondary metabolites int. Biological control of phytopathogenic fungi by endophytic. Isolation, antifungal activity of soil actinomycetes 491 vol. Table 1 shows some examples of new secondary metabolites isolated from marine actinomycetes from 2005 to 2010. All may cause actinomycosis or lumpy jaw which is a cervicofacial infection that used to occur following tooth extractions or dental surgery which provided traumatized tissue for growth of the microorganism which may also invade the bone.
Isolation of actinomycetes actinomycetes were isolated by soil dilution plate technique on starch casein agar medium, starch nitrate agar medium, glycerol glycine agar medium, and chitin agar medium haefner et al. Novel bioactive molecules from marine actinomycetes. Five different selective media were used for the isolation of actinomycetes and the best growth was observed in yeast malt extract agar medium. Actinomycosis, chronic bacterial infection of humans and cattle that is caused by anaerobic or microaerophilic oxygenrequiring species of the genus actinomyces. Actinomycetes are filamentous grampositive bacteria that can be found abundantly in both terrestrial and marine environment. Isolation and morphological characterization of antibiotic.
Isba international symposium on the biology of actinomycetes. Screening of endophytic actinomycetes from different. Production of antibiotics from soilisolated actinomycetes. These bacteria are known as producers of many bioactive compounds through the production of secondary metabolites for their survival and adaptation in nature and have been widely used today as therapeutic agents. The study was undertaken to isolate marine actinomycetes, detect their inhibitory activity, determine their antimicrobial profile, identify and determine the inhibitory spectrum of the crude extract. The bioactive potential of these bacteria facilitates their survival even in distress and unfavourable ecological conditions. These metabolites are known to posses antibacterial, antifungal, neuritogenic, anticancer, antialgal, antimalarial and antiinflammatory activities. Antibacterial activity of actinomycetes isolated from different soil samples of sheopur a city of central india hotam s chaudhary 1, jayprakash yadav 1, anju r shrivastava 1, smriti singh 1, anil k singh 2, natrajan gopalan 2 1 department of biotechnology, madhav institute of technology and science, gwalior, india 2 vector management division, defense research and development establishment. As per literature, marine sediments are a valuable source for the isolation of novel actinomycetes with the potential to produce new drugs.
Several species have been isolated and screened from the soil. Isba abbreviation stands for international symposium on the biology of actinomycetes. Microbial diversity constitutes an infinite pool of novel chemistry, making up a valuable source for innovative biotechnology berdy, 2005, fenical and jensen, 2006. M sri pushpam college autonomous, poondi 6 503, thanjavur, tamil nadu, india. Actinomycetes journalsomics internationaljournal of.
Actinomycetes, one of the most diverse groups of filamentous bacteria, are well recognized for their metabolic versatility. College of pharmacy, agra, uttar pradesh, india 2institute of pharmacy, monad university, uttar pradesh, india 3bhagwant institute of pharmacy, muzaffarnagar, u. Screening, isolation and purification of antibacterial. Screening of marine actinomycetes as probiotics for. What is the abbreviation for international symposium on the biology of actinomycetes. The actinomycetes isolates from marine environment showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Research article isolation and characterization of. Attimarad s l et al ijrap 33, may jun 2012 447 research article. Screening, isolation and purification of antibiotics from marine actinomycetes attimarad s l1, gaviraj e n2, nagesh c1, kugaji m s3, sutar r s1 1maratha mandals college of pharmacy, belgaum, karnataka, india 2b l d e a college of. Marine actinomycete btss 1001 producing an alkaline amylase was identified from marine sediment of diviseema coast, bay of bengal. Although the exploitation of marine actinomycetes as a source for discovery of novel secondary metabolites is at an early stage, numerous novel metabolites have been isolated in the past few years. In this section, we shall discuss three genera of actinomycetes. The actinobacteria are a phylum of grampositive bacteria.
Diversity and versatility of actinomycetes and its role in. Isolation of soil actinomycetes was done by culturedependent methods and isolates were tested for antibiotic production on selected indicator bacteria plates. Experimental materials dextrose ip, nacl, soyabean meal, nbutanol, silicon oil, dimethyl sulphoxide dmso, n. Actinomycetes are numerous and widely distributed in soil and are next to bacteria in abundance. Screening of marine actinomycetes as probiotics for production of bacteriocin bharti prakashwadekar and smita m. There is tremendous diversity and novelty among the marine actinomycetes present in marine environments. The diverse chemical compounds of marine actinomycetes have been found to have various biological activities such as antimicrobial, antitumor, antimalarial, antialgal, antioxidant, antiinflammatory etc. Paper open access related content screening of marine. Twenty seven actinomycetes strains were isolated from twelve sediment samples. Screening and isolation of actinomycetes and determination. Actinomycetes are renowned for their ability to produce a large variety of antibiotics, many with clinical. These filaments are long and it may fragment into much smaller units and less broad than that. They are sensitive to acidity low ph optimum ph range 6.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Novel anticancer compounds from marine actinomycetes. Air drying and pretreatment of soil samples with caco 3 1% were found to be most effective for isolation of actinomycetes. The present study is an attempt to produce antibiotics from actinomycetes, isolated from soil, by fermentation and the determination of their antimicrobial activity. Isolation and characterization of marine antagonistic actinomycetes from west coast of india 15 both e. Isolation and morphological characterization of antibiotic producing actinomycetes nanjwade basavaraj k 1, s chandrashekhara 2, ali m shamarez 1, prakash s goudanavar 2 and fakirappa v manvi 1 1kless college of pharmaceutical sciences, k. Pdf screening of marine actinomycetes isolated from the. This great diversity of marine actinomycetes has offered greater chemical diversity. The rifrrpob system provides a robust method to rank mutagenic protocols, to evaluate mutagen specificity and to study spontaneous mutagenesis mechanisms involved in. Among its various genera, streptomyces, saccharopolyspora, amycolatopsis, micromonospora and actinoplanes are the major producers of commercially important biomolecules. Nature, occurrence, and activities waksman, selman a. Of the ten seawater samples, only three actinomycetes were grown on starch casein agar medium after 30 days of incubation.
These organisms have been shown to be higher bacteria, but they were thought to be fungi for many years because they have filamentous forms, 0. Antimicrobial potential of actinomycetes species isolated. Rm42 had broad spectral antimicrobial activity, and. S83s94 their presence in extreme environments specially at cryophilic region raja et al. Fifteen soil samples were collected from different locations near nagpur i. Plate count estimates give values ranging from 104 to 108 per gram of soil. Culture conditions for optimal growth of actinomycetes. Show full abstract applications, but are known to make only a few lantibiotics. Actinomycetes participate in diverse soil processes ammonium fixation, decomposition of cellular tissue, and the synthesis and decomposition of humus. Source, identification, and their applications mukesh sharma, pinki dangi and meenakshi choudhary. Identification and optimal growth conditions of actinomycetes isolated from mangrove environment pengenalpastian dan pertumbuhan optimum aktinomiset dari paya bakau ameerah abdul hamid, suhaidi ariffin, sharifah aminah syed mohamad faculty of applied sciences, universiti teknologi mara, 40450 shah alam, selangor, malaysia. They are widely distributed in the soil, compost etc.
Screening of endophytic actinomycetes from different indigenous medicinal plants mahesh prasad 1, saneev kumar 2, umesh kumar 3 and anupama 4 1r. In soil, they behave much like fungi, helping to decompose the organic matter of dead organisms so the molecules can be taken up anew by plants. Soil type feature cfug of dry soil richness shannons index evenness 1 sandy bare 3. The sea, covering more than 70% of the surface of planet earth, contains an exceptional biological diversity, accounting for more than 95% of the whole biosphere. Actinomycetes article about actinomycetes by the free. Bioactive compounds from marine actinomycetes springerlink. The disease is characterized by the development of multiple abscesses painful, hard, pusfilled swellings and draining sinus tracts channels that extend from the site of infection to an opening at the skin surface, which exude. Streptomyces has been reported as the dominant genus in freshwater habitats whereas micromonospora and related genera are predominant in freshwater and. Recent findings from culturedependent and culture independent methods have demonstrated that indigenous marine actinomycetes exist in the oceans and are widely distributed in different marine ecosystems. Marine streptomycete strains were found to be producers of well known chemically diverse antibiotics isolated from terrestrial streptomycetes, as in the case of marine micromonospora strains.
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